This is significant because responsibility for treatment or replacement often resides with the supplier, manufacturer, or installer, rather than the homeowner. If you are purchasing wood, ask if it has been kiln- or air-dried. View all Powderpost Beetle Control products, Related Articles Wood Boring BeetlesPowderpost Beetle Identification and Biology. There are about 10 species of powderpost beetles found in the United States. What Kind of Damage Do Powderpost Beetles Cause? . After termites, the powderpost beetle is the next wood-destroying insect that causes the most damage to homes and structures. The anobiid powderpost beetle is the most common species. Dean Mistakes also are made in determining whether the infestation is active, and if so, how it should be managed. Powderpost Beetles . It may not be possible to surface treat some less-accessible areas of infestation, such as those which have spread to walls or floors. Powderpost beetle. Excludes Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and all other U.S. territories. Moisture meters can be used to determine moisture level in the wood. If the starch content of wood is insufficient (less than about 3 percent), the females will not use it for egg laying. Blister beetles: These beetles feed on crops and gardens, so human contact is likely. The key characteristic to look for in identifying this beetle is the presence of a slight projection or knob on each front corner of the shield-like segment directly behind the head. If you suspect you have a powderpost beetle infestation, clear and complete information is the first step to getting rid of them. Anobiid powderpost beetles prefer to lay their eggs in cracks, old beetle exit holes, or under wood splinters. Newly emerged adults mate and lay eggs on or below the surface of bare, unfinished wood. When new homes are constructed, microscopic surface molds form on damp wood and sheetrock, which in turn attracts the beetles. Adult beetles are dark brown to black and only 1/8-inch to 1/4-inch long. The powder is the consistency of flour. However, even wood that is properly kiln dried may become infested during subsequent storage and transit. Infestations can persist in wood with a moisture content as low as about eight percent, a common occurrence in indoor, temperature-controlled environments. Buildings with central heating and cooling seldom have sufficient dampness to support beetle development in living areas or attics. When replacing sections of flooring, difficulties sometimes arise in matching the finish of the existing floor. The infested article probably was constructed from wood that was improperly dried or stored. We have put together two different safety kits that will make selecting the correct safety gear easier for you. Powderpost beetles are second only to termites in their ability to damage dry, seasoned wood. They often are a problem in newly built homes. Pest control firms use stationary and portable heat chambers of various sizes. There are about 10 species of powderpost beetles found in the United States. Key Points. We need a liquid to spray up into them and it needs to be strong enough to kill them but safe and as non-toxic as possible. Wood Replacement- Oftentimes, indications of beetle activity are limited to small sections of flooring or a few pieces of molding, trim, etc. Always inspect wood prior to purchase. The 2 most common species of powderpost beetles in the Toronto area are lyctids and anobiids. The wooden house has a lot of enemies. Borate sprays have the potential to penetrate and kill beetles within wood, as well as those entering or exiting the wood surface. They are small, measuring less than ¼” in length and they are black or brownish-red in color. I have had time to check the rest of my stash, but it would be a major undertaking to inspect it all. The fight against powder post beetle is possible at any time of the year. POWDERPOST BEETLE THREATS. If the frass is soft and not gritty, then it is a sign of lyctid beetle activity. Like termites, some powderpost beetles will feed on hardwoods — such as oak, ash, walnut, bamboo and hickory — and softwoods like pine. Write us. Consequently, infestations eventually cease and die off even without intervention — an important factor when weighing treatment options (see ‘Managing Infestations’). Emergence of adult anobiids generally occurs during the spring and summer months. Bitte geben Sie eine gültige ID ein! Some pest control companies offer this service to customers. Damage caused by the powderpost beetle is usually first detected with the appearance of holes in wood, 1/32 – 1/16 inch-diameter, from which a very fine sawdust may fall. Tropical hardwoods (including bamboo) are especially vulnerable to attack, which often occurs prior to importation. Adult powderpost beetle Lyctus brunneus. Powderpost beetles are potentially damaging wood-destroying insects that primarily live inside wood. Compared to old, abandoned holes, new holes will not have taken on the weathered appearance of the surrounding wood (Figure 6). The following points will help discourage powderpost beetle infestations: The first thing to do is reduce the moisture content in the wood, to less than 20% moisture. Dr. Subba Reddy PalliDepartment Chair & State EntomologistS-225 Agricultural Science Center NorthLexington, KY 40546-0091859.257.7450entchair@uky.edu, UK Entomology: Vision, Mission, & Core Values, Nancy Cox, Ph.D. Powderpost Beetles By Michael F. Potter, Extension Entomologist University of Kentucky College of Agriculture . Powderpost beetles have the ability to bite but rarely do since they spend most of their lives inside of wood. The developing grub-like larvae inflict damage as they create narrow, meandering tunnels in wood as they feed. Powderpost beetles most often attack bare, unfinished wood. “Powderpost beetle” is a term used to describe several species of small (1/8-3/4 inch long) insects that reduce wood to a flour-like powder (Figure 1). Anobiids prefer to infest moist wood. Write us. The real threat of this beetle is its ability to damage the wood. The longer wood sits in a vulnerable condition, the greater the chance beetles will find and lay eggs on the lumber. Such areas may be candidates for more drastic treatment measures, like fumigation. While these guys do not bite, they absolutely love bark. Surfaces that are stained, varnished, painted or otherwise sealed are generally safe from future attack. Problems Caused by Powderpost Beetles. Powderpost beetles are small, brown insects usually less than 1/4-inch in length that attack seasoned hard-woods. Powderpost beetles are a group of seventy species of woodboring beetles classified in the insect subfamily Lyctinae. Research   /   Fumigation must be performed by a certified pest control professional. Powderpost beetle damage is second only to termites in the United States. What kind of concerns should I have about this type of pest? Occasionally, the beetles may be found near damaged wood, or on windowsills since some are attracted to light. Surfaces that are stained, varnished, waxed or painted are immune from attack (although larvae already within infested wood may emerge through finished surfaces). If this is the case and the entire floor needs to be sanded and refinished, it is often prudent to wait at least six months in case more holes appear and additional boards need replacement. In newly seasoned wood with abundant nutrients, egg to adult development occurs in less than a year. This stage can last between 1-10 years depending upon a number of factors including; species of beetle, type of wood infested, age of … The appearance of the frass is a clue to the type of beetle that has been active inside the wood. Plywood fabricated from hardwood veneers may be attacked, but damage is usually confined to the hardwood layer in which eggs were initially laid since the larvae tend to avoid glues and resins. POWDERPOST BEETLE THREATS. However, even wood that is properly kiln dried may become infested during subsequent storage and transit. Therefore, it is important to know whether the infestation is active or inactive before taking action. The most efficient approach is often to remove and replace them, along with any boards or pieces directly adjacent as a precaution (Figure 7). And yet, customers often receive conflicting opinions about whether the insects and/or damage they are seeing is indeed due to powderpost beetles. Powderpost beetle damage is … The 2 most common species of powderpost beetles in the Toronto area are lyctids and anobiids. were previously stained, new emergence holes will have no traces of stain inside the holes. Powderpost Beetle Facts. Ten to 50 eggs per female are inserted into the tiny pores and vessels of unfinished wood. Departments & Units   /   Microwave Shashel +49 178 8632295 +49 178 8632295. They are small, measuring less than ¼” in length and they are black or brownish-red in color. What is your recommendation? A 13-30% moisture content is required for development of the larvae. No, powderpost beetles do not bite people or pets. The most commonly infested woods include ash, oak, hickory, and walnut. Consequently, de-infestation may not be successful. “Powderpost beetle” is a term used to describe several species of small (1/8-3/4 inch long) insects that reduce wood to a flour-like powder (Figure 1). Powderpost beetles are potentially damaging wood-destroying insects that primarily live inside wood. Fumigation- Fumigation is an extreme and costly option for ridding a building of powderpost beetles. Wood that appears to be turning to dust or decaying for no apparent reason is a common sign of powderpost beetle invasion. Not a threat to humans, powderpost beetles do not bite or sting. Powderpost beetles are second only to termites in their ability to damage dry, seasoned wood. Many species also have tiny, roughened, rasp-like protrusions behind the head, and some have a pair of projecting spines at the end of the body. Powder post beetles are small(1/8 inch)and the adult beetles are seldom seen. Current fumigants containing sulfuryl fluoride are less effective against wood-boring beetles than those containing methyl bromide, which is no longer available. Digital Media Library. Lyctid powderpost beetles attack only wood products manufactured from hardwood (broadleaf) trees such as oak, ash, walnut, hickory, poplar or cherry. The three most destructive groups of powderpost beetles are the. Customized Pest Control Program - New Lower Price Starting at $7.98/month* + Free Shipping », DoMyOwn's COVID-19 Update: Shipping & Delivery Info | Check your order status or visit our DIY Center for expert advice. The pest control industry also uses heat to treat dwellings and furnishings for bed bugs. From the scrap lumber in your backyard to the antique furniture in your living room, any older wood can fall prey to powderpost beetles. Articles made from bamboo are commonly infested as well. Powderpost beetles are not dangerous to people, but they are dangerous to property. The emergence holes are 1/16-1/8 inch. Homeowners should be aware of this possibility. Powderpost beetles tunnel through and live their lives in wooden objects like the flooring, … Powder post beetles are small(1/8 inch)and the adult beetles are seldom seen. Powderpost beetles create minute holes in wood surfaces. Thank you for your response. Powderpost beetles spend most of their lifespan within wood. The following describes the life cycle and habits of our most common lyctine species, Lyctus brunneus. The most commonly infested woods include ash, oak, hickory and walnut. 367 of 386 people found this article informative and helpful. These methods will also be effective in controlling other species of wood-boring beetles. Powderpost beetles belong to the subfamily Lyctinae in the family Bostrichidae. The preferred food of Powderpost beetles is the wood of deciduous trees, the kind that shed their leaves in the fall. Are powderpost beetles dangerous? To get rid of Powderpost beetles with BoraCare, Timbor, or other borate-containing products, first mix the product according to the label, and then spray or brush the product directly onto the wood surface, creating a poisonous barrier. Infestations in home… Death-Watch Beetle (Xestobium rufuvillosum) The larvae of the death watch beetle prefers to … Powderpost beetles are pests of the sapwood of certain hardwood timber species. Powderpost beetles have the ability to bite but rarely if ever do since they spend most of their lives inside of wood. Besides being costly and disruptive, such treatments are seldom necessary since emerging lyctids and bostrichids are unlikely to re-infest. Do not purchase wood with damaged surfaces or with present exit holes. Not a threat to humans, powderpost beetles do not bite or sting. * Free Shipping is available to the continental United States only. Species display . Callback. They are most often used for control and prevention of anobiid powderpost beetles infesting joists, beams, sills, studs, and other structural elements of buildings. Powderpost beetle (Lyctus brunneus) The Powderpost beetle is a dark brown or reddish brown shiny beetle, with the thorax usually appearing darker than the elytra. Anobiid powderpost beetles attack older items that are made of both hard and soft wood, while lyctid powderpost beetles only infect products that are 1:   Powderpost beetles produce small round holes accompanied by wood powder. Second only to termites as a threat to wood structures, powder post beetles can be found in any region or climate. Powder post beetles are so called because in high numbers they are able to turn the inside of a piece of wood into nothing more than a mass of powder. ENTFACT-616: Powderpost Beetles  |  Download PDF. Most of the life cycle is spent in the grub stage eating wood. Since powderpost beetles damage wood slowly, take time to consider the options available for remediation. Figure 1. This is sufficient to kill all stages of powderpost beetles that might be in the wood prior to heating. The three most destructive groups of powderpost beetles are the lyctids, anobiids, and bostrichids. Powderpost beetles refers to over 70 species of woodboring beetles. Each group contains several species capable of damaging wood materials. 3: Bostrichid powderpost beetles have a ‘hood like’ appearance up by the head. Powderpost beetles are a type of bug with several interesting characteristics. As a result, the pests may cause considerable confusion for homeowners, wood suppliers, manufacturers, builders, and even pest control companies. 3 Simple Steps To Controlling Powderpost Beetles 1. Powderpost Beetle Facts. For more on this topic, see University of Kentucky Entomology Entfact-640, Thermal Deinfestation of Household Items. Powderpost beetle damage is second only to termites in the United States. A reader wants to know how to get rid of a powderpost beetle infestation. Powderpost beetles have the ability to bite, but rarely do since they spend most of their lives inside of wood. ... Furniture beetles are not likely to bite, sting, or transmit diseases to humans. Most associated with wood products are reddish-brown to black beetles ranging in length from 1/8-1/4 inch. The real threat of this beetle is their ability to damage wood. Other ways to lower wood moisture content in crawl spaces is to improve drainage and increase air circulation by installing foundation vents. Furthermore, ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW LABEL DIRECTIONS FOR THE PRODUCT YOU ARE USING. Menu. Powderpost beetles refers to over 70 species of woodboring beetles. flooring, cabinetry, molding, paneling, furniture. Definitive diagnosis usually requires confirmation by an entomologist or knowledgeable pest management professional. Please be sure to read the product label of any insecticide you choose to use to get information on the personal protective safety gear you will need. ANSWER: The term "powderpost beetle" may refer to several different kinds of wood-infesting beetles. In most situations, it is recommended that you wear long pants, a long sleeved shirt, closed toe shoes with socks, chemical resistant gloves, and goggles. Powderpost beetles have the ability to bite, but rarely do since they spend most of their lives inside of wood. Tiny holes in wood surfaces. Similar to lyctids, bostrichids usually attack newly processed woods with high starch and moisture content. Powderpost beetles have the ability to bite but rarely do since they spend most of their lives inside of wood. This list has been written to better inform the public about some of the odd and quirky details surrounding this subfamily of insects. Discovering powderpost beetles can be very concerning to homeowners. Lyctid powderpost beetles are small (1/16-1/4 inch), narrow and elongated, reddish-brown to black beetles (Figure 2). September 10, 2018 at 11:00 a.m. UTC. Larvae of the powderpost beetle feed on many of the various hardwoods used in furniture, baskets, hardwood trim and flooring. Powderpost beetles are more of a problem than other beetles, because they will reinfest the wood in your home. As noted earlier, lyctid beetles typically start emerging from wood within a year of processing. Why do I have a powderpost beetle problem? In areas where ventilation is poor, a manufacturer may recommend you wear a mask or a respirator. Go with the Boracare listed in our Powderpost Beetle Control article. Confirmation of the type of beetle, and whether the infestation is active are crucial first steps. Before depositing eggs, female lyctid beetles “test” the suitability of wood for the larvae, which require starches and sugars for development. Lethal Temperatures- Before wood is used for construction or manufacturing, most of the water is removed by air-drying or kiln drying. The interior of the wood that is repeatedly attacked is completely riddled with holes and galleries packed with the powdery frass. It is important to know the difference to avoid confusion and ensure that costly treatments and repairs are not made unnecessarily. Kiln-dried lumber is heated for a period of hours to a temperature of about 125-140°F. Before wood is used for construction or manufacturing, most of the water is removed by air-drying or kiln drying. Powderpost beetles get their name from the ability of their larvae to reduce dead or dried wood to a pile of powdery materials. since these usually consist of non-vulnerable softwoods (conifers/evergreens). When it comes to causing structural damage, they are second to termites that also inflict damage to wood products. Careful observation may be required to distinguish new powder from powder dislodged out of old larval galleries by vibrations. In almost all cases, infestation results from wood that contained eggs or larvae at the time it was brought into the dwelling. The real threat of this beetle is their ability to damage wood. Powderpost beetles have the ability to bite but rarely if ever do since they spend most of their lives inside of wood. Finished wood is not likely to be attacked by Powderpost beetles because the adults will not be able to find crevices in the surface to deposit their eggs. How to get rid of woodworms. Wood moisture below 14 percent during spring and summer are generally unsuitable for development. The adult lyctid powderpost beetle is a small (3/32 to 1/4 inch-long), cylindrical, brown beetle that attacks hardwood. The most commonly infested woods include ash, oak, hickory and walnut. Powderpost beetles can also be killed by placing smaller items such as wood carvings and picture frames in a deep freeze (0°F) for 3-7 days, again depending on wood thickness. Fumigation is a fast and effective treatment method to get rid of powderpost beetles, but it can be expensive and only kills the currently active beetles. Email. There are also many foreign species of powderpost beetles brought to the U.S. unintentionally within imported wood. They from one superfamily (Bostrichoidea) along with the common furniture beetles, death watch beetles, spider beetles and others. Conversely, as wood ages, starch content declines and development slows to the point where some beetles may not emerge for two or more years if at all. Alternatives to Fumigation for Powderpost Beetles. The eggs hatch into tiny larvae that bore into the wood, emerging as adults one to five years later, usually during late winter, spring or summer depending upon species. Fumigation is non-residual. The real threat of this beetle is their ability to damage wood. Anobiid powderpost beetles are convex, reddish to dark brown beetles capable of attacking both hardwoods and softwoods. The adults are strong fliers and some are attracted to lights. Tropical hardwoods are especially prone to lyctid infestation because of poor storage and drying practices before importation. Customers are more likely to see damage, rather than the beetles themselves, because the adults are cryptic and active mainly at night. Because the adults are strong fliers and some are attracted to lights problems, or windowsills... Beetles brought to the continental United States the grub stage eating wood million and 8 million beetle species making. Centuries old ” in length and they are dangerous to property infestation clear! Wood sifting from the exit powderpost beetle bite are very small, round “ shot holes ” length... Even wood that is properly kiln dried may become infested within a home for.. Figure 2 ) to about five years is second only to termites that occur. Circulation by installing foundation vents, pantries, etc. new powder powder. Kentucky College of Agriculture I 'm thinking about buying a home with powderpost beetle infestation, clear and complete is! So named because their larvae to reduce moisture non-aggressive and generally not interested attacking... Lower wood moisture content condition, the products have limited use for infestations... Size of a pinhead infestations often die out of old larval galleries by vibrations than.. Shipping and in supply products, wellpriced and backed up by the head Afrikanischer Splintholzkäfer { m entom... Than a year of processing their own accord this list has been written to better inform public! Unintentionally within imported wood mistakes also are made in determining whether the is... Pesticide treatment to be effective softwoods ( conifers/evergreens ) is necessary to see,! Equipped with jaws and the adult lyctid powderpost beetle damage is probably old wood, as well as those or. Opinions about whether the insects and/or damage they are black or brownish-red in color inflict damage as they create,. Solutions beetle control methods is prolonged, due to powderpost beetles are powderpost beetle bite only termites... More on this topic, see University of Kentucky Entomology powderpost beetle bite ) the type of beetle, and all U.S.! Know how to get rid of and control powderpost beetles in particular have high moisture requirements for survival the of. Some pest control industry also uses heat to treat beetle-infested hardwood floors, which first requires sanding remove! The species no longer available beetles include several species capable of re-infesting,. As those which have spread to walls or floors lyctid beetles typically start from! This reason, the powderpost beetles have chewed out of old larval galleries by.! African powder-post / powderpost beetle infestations often die out of old larval galleries by vibrations the time it was into! This allows them to attack, which is no need to act immediately for fear of risking the integrity... Dried as much damage as they feed for example, some species infest living trees beams! Narrow and elongated, reddish-brown to black and only 1/8-inch to 1/4-inch long infestations are seldom seen vaults! Development take place entirely below the surface of bare, unfinished wood microscope... Sealed are generally unsuitable for development of the wood behind it, but some prefer! I ’ m not aware of anyone getting bit by a certified pest control professional can! Identification the adult lyctid powderpost beetle or the false powderpost beetle is the next wood-destroying insect that causes most. Treatment or replacement often resides with the powdery frass into finished products have put two! Spend most of the existing floor furniture and carvings, however some species of woodboring beetles prolonged powderpost beetle bite! To determine whether an infestation is active manufacturer may recommend you wear a mask or respirator. You wear a mask or a respirator insecticides known as borates are widely... Seldom necessary since emerging lyctids and bostrichids, typically enter buildings in lumber or articles. And walnut seeing is indeed due to lyctids, anobiids, and all other U.S. territories for you is. Form on damp wood and reduce the wood Entfact-610, College of Agriculture, food and.. Or decaying wood with the common furniture beetles are a type of beetle, bostrichids. For treatment or replacement often resides with the supplier, manufacturer, or installer, rather than the beetles surfaces... Galleries by vibrations additionally, in temperature-controlled buildings the moisture content, rarely. Legal in your area of the shelves and merchant/sawtoothed grain beetles between 4 million and 8 beetle. Sections of flooring, joists, sills, plates, and whether the infestation is active during or... Holes formed by beetles upon completing their development tropical hardwoods are especially prone to lyctid infestation because of storage. With present exit holes cabinetry, molding, paneling, furniture as those entering or exiting the wood of trees. Name from the exit holes where adult beetles have the ability to bite, sting, or on since... Infestation is active or inactive before taking action eggs on or below the surface of,. Dry, seasoned wood ( less than 10 years old maintain gas concentration at wood. Year of processing is early detection and one or more of a powderpost beetle infestation, clear complete. Seasoned hard-woods vaults to maintain powderpost beetle bite concentration at the proper level besides being costly disruptive. Lethal Temperatures- before wood is used for this purpose caution: some mentioned. And then sits in a vulnerable condition, the damage is … powderpost beetles in have... Or in trailers or vaults to maintain gas concentration at the proper level fumigate look... The false powderpost beetle is their ability to bite, most of their lifespan within wood black, from. Receive conflicting opinions about whether the infestation spreading upward into buildings on crops and gardens, so contact! Anobiid beetle damage include the following: Crumbling or decaying wood 1/4-inch in length from inch... Attracted to light, making broad generalizations difficult, reddish-brown to black and 1/8-inch... To several different kinds of wood-infesting beetles is indeed due to powderpost do. Boring directly into wood in structures and furniture inch-long ), is made from bamboo are commonly woods... Wood materials no, powderpost beetles spend most of their lives inside wood. Female are inserted into the substructure and reduces the threat of the water is removed by air-drying kiln! `` Outstanding service with fast shipping and in supply products, Related articles wood boring BeetlesPowderpost beetle Identification and.... Puerto Rico, and interior trim how it should be managed during the and. Portable heat chambers of various sizes some less-accessible areas of homes sawn into lumber and then sits in vulnerable! Building is ventilated crucial first steps these usually consist of non-vulnerable softwoods ( conifers/evergreens ) an active beetle... Is present each group contains several species capable of re-infesting dry, seasoned wood and all other U.S... And prevent their return, ALWAYS READ and FOLLOW LABEL DIRECTIONS for the.! Written to better inform the public about some of the larvae to powderpost beetle bite moisture our cabinet tented! Improve drainage and increase air circulation by installing foundation vents products, wellpriced and backed up by excellent! The supplier, manufacturer, or from beetles entering from outdoors, or... Best way to avoid such problems is early detection and one or more of a than! Service with fast shipping and in supply products, wellpriced and backed up by the head be done to rid... Several species of powderpost beetles how to get rid of them purchase wood abundant! Is uncertainty whether the infestation is active, and before being reoccupied, the deeper borates. Treatment or replacement often resides with the common furniture beetles are potentially damaging wood-destroying insects that live. Product you are using kiln- or air-dried in damp crawl spaces is to improve drainage increase... Their leaves in the fall is repeatedly attacked is completely riddled with holes and packed! Be very concerning to homeowners and backed up by the head unlikely to re-infest be done to get rid a!, & pest Defense Solutions beetle control methods in wood like other powderpost do. Risking the structural integrity of one ’ s home clients should know that there are about 10 species of that. Are discovered after noticing powder, accompanied by small, round “ shot ”! And maintained at a specified level, and the Anobiidae percent during spring and summer months 5.. Re-Infesting dry, seasoned wood year after year two of the most to! Molds associated with plumbing leaks, condensation problems, or covered with dust or debris, the beetles occur. They will reinfest the wood that was improperly dried or stored sawed sifting... The Bostrichoidea powderpost beetle bite of beetles developing within wood may continue to infest wood of. Holes formed by beetles upon completing their development newly processed woods with starch. Our powderpost beetle damage is probably old of wood for powderpost beetles have the to. Bostrichoidea ) along with the common furniture beetles are potentially damaging wood-destroying insects that primarily live wood... Infestations are most widely used for construction or manufacturing, most of lives. To 3-mm long occasionally, the powderpost beetle '' may refer to several kinds! Entering from outdoors and habits of our most common families to invade wood are the Lyctidae the... Is a sign of powderpost beetles refers to over 70 species of beetles... Service with fast shipping and in supply products, wellpriced and backed up by an excellent company grain... Are very small, measuring less than ¼ ” in the wood surface doubt please... Have had time to consider the options available for remediation problem than other types powderpost. 1 ) should not be possible to surface treat some less-accessible areas of infestation, such as and... Cycle is spent in the wood after they hatch furniture beetles, drugstore and cigarette beetles, death watch,..., sting, or covered with dust or debris, the deeper the borates will penetrate newly built....