[7] GJ 1214 b is also significant because its parent star is relatively near the Sun and because it transits (crosses in front of) that parent star, which allows the planet's atmosphere to be studied using spectroscopic methods. After COROT-7b, it was the second super-Earth to be known[1] and is the first of a new class of planets with small size and relatively low density. The actual color of GJ 1214 b is not known yet. Gliese 1214 b is a large exoplanet 42 light years from Earth, it is a giant terrestrial planet, with its surface theoretically totally covered by water, being an ocean planet. A research team from Japan has used the Subaru Telescope to observe the water-rich atmosphere of a … Multi-color Transit Photometry of GJ 1214b through BJHK s Bands and a Long-term Monitoring of the Stellar Variability of GJ 1214. Beyond our solar system, a "super-earth" planet called Gliese 1214b was discovered. Detailed information on planet GJ 1214 b orbiting around star GJ 1214. ApJ 773, 144; doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/773/2/144, © 2011-2020. [7] While no scientist has stated to believe GJ 1214 b is an ocean planet, if GJ 1214 b is assumed to be an ocean planet,[15] i.e. [7] If it is a waterworld, it could possibly be thought of as a bigger and hotter version of Jupiter's Galilean moon Europa. Astronomers have determined that the atmosphere of super-Earth Gliese 1214 b is likely water-rich. Dr Michitoshi Yoshida of Hiroshima University and his colleagues used the Suprime-Cam and the FOCAS optical camera aboard the Subaru Telescope to look for the Rayleigh scattering feature in the atmosphere of Gliese 1214b. [4][5] For that reason, scientists have nicknamed the planet "the waterworld". If you couldn't tell from the title, my planet is Gliese 1214b. The radius of GJ 1214 b can be inferred from the amount of dimming seen when the planet crosses in front of its parent star as viewed from Earth. "As the temperature and pressure are so high, water is not in a usual form (vapor, liquid, or solid), but in an ionic or plasma form at the bottom the atmosphere — namely the interior — of Gliese 1214 b," principle investigator Norio Narita of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan told SPACE.com by email. It’s a super-Earth, intermediate in size between Earth and Neptune. Gliese 1214 b[3] (often shortened to GJ 1214 b) is an exoplanet that orbits the star Gliese 1214, and was discovered in December 2009. Gliese 1214 b is an exoplanet that orbits the star Gliese 1214. › Larger image GJ1214b, shown in this artist's view, is a super-Earth orbiting a red dwarf star 40 light-years from Earth. Super-earth Gliese 1214 b likely to have a water-rich atmosphere. Super-Earth Gliese 1214 b is located just 40 light-years outside our solar system and while it has water, it is thought to be uninhabitable For that reason, scientists have nicknamed the world "the Waterworld". Gliese 1214 b is similar to these planets: Gliese 436 b, Kepler-62f, Gliese 876 b and more. It has a low density and no definite shape or volume—just like gas. Although Gliese … OneMinuteNews. [1][14], While very little is known about GJ 1214 b, there has been speculation as to its specific nature and composition. All Rights Reserved. That is, water existing in a plasma state. Earth's density is 5.5 g/cc, while that of water is 1 g/cc. New observations from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope show that it is a waterworld enshrouded by a thick, steamy atmosphere. Image credit: NAOJ. Another possibility is that there may be a thick layer of high clouds, which absorbs the starlight. The planet, GJ 1214 b, likely has an atmosphere made of steam rather than thick clouds or hazes . Astronomers from Japan using NAOJ’s Subaru Telescope have found that the extrasolar planet Gliese 1214b has a water-rich atmosphere. Stars in the Catalogue of Nearby Stars with numbers 1000-1294 are from the 1979 extension published by Gliese and Jahreiß - these should be designated with "GJ" not "Gliese". [1], The radius of GJ 1214 b can be inferred from the amount of dimming seen when the planet crosses in front of its parent star as viewed from Earth. When searching for life on other planets, scientists are guided by the presence of water. Planets similar to or like Gliese 1214 b. The exoplanet of Gliese 1214b consists entirely of water, but is there life. |. 2013. [14], Media related to GJ 1214 b at Wikimedia Commons, Coordinates: 17h 15m 18.94s, +4° 57′ 49.7″, "Open Exoplanet Catalogue – Gliese 1214 b", "Mass–radius relationships for solid exoplanets", "10 Real Planets That Are Stranger Than Science Fiction", "Release 13-383 – NASA's Hubble Sees Cloudy Super-Worlds With Chance for More Clouds", "Astronomers Find Super-Earth Using Amateur, Off-the-Shelf Technology", Astronomers Find World with Thick, Inhospitable Atmosphere and an Icy Heart. 7 years ago | 224 views. [13], GJ 1214 b may be cooler than any other known transiting planet prior to the discovery of Kepler-16b in 2011 by the Kepler mission. The mass of the planet can be inferred from sensitive observations of the parent star's radial velocity, measured through small shifts in stellar spectral lines due to the Doppler effect. A nearby alien planet six times the size of the Earth is covered with a water-rich atmosphere that includes a strange "plasma form" of water, scientists say. The new observations, reported in the Astrophysical Journal (arXiv.org), showed that the exoplanet’s atmosphere does not display strong Rayleigh scattering. Gliese 1214 b. Share. Follow. Dr Yoshida’ team now plans to conduct follow-up observations in the near future to reinforce their conclusion. [8][9][10][11], GJ 1214 b was first detected by the MEarth Project, which searches for the small drops in brightness that can occur when an orbiting planet briefly passes in front of its parent star. Follow-up radial-velocity measurements were then made with the HARPS spectrograph on the ESO's 3.6-meter telescope at La Silla, Chile; those measurements succeeded in providing independent evidence for the reality of the planet. According to the astronomers, this finding implies that Gliese 1214b has a water-rich or a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere with extensive clouds. ... Second planet from its star, and is most likely a water planet with a thin hydrogen–helium atmosphere. GJ 1214b, also known as Gliese 1214b, is 42 light years from Earth and was discovered in November 2009. A paper was then published in Nature announcing the planet and giving estimates of its mass, radius, and orbital parameters. 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[7] It is possible to propose structures by assuming different compositions, guided by scenarios for the formation and evolution of the planet. Like other ocean planets, it has a surface that is extremely sensitive to the touch of anything, especially asteroids, which means it hates them. Multi-color Transit Photometry of GJ 1214b through BJHK s Bands and a Long-term Monitoring of the Stellar Variability of GJ 1214. An update on the atmosphere of super-Earth GJ1214b, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gliese_1214_b&oldid=994903108, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 18 December 2020, at 03:50. Gliese 1214b, also designated GJ 1214b, has been designated a super-Earth because it is larger than the Earth but smaller a planet like Neptune. 0.05%). Sci-News.com. It is six times larger than the Earth and filled with water—including plasma water. However, this exoplanet is no Earth twin. FUN FACTS: -Gliese 1214 b is 42 light years from Earth -GJ1214b is classified as a water-world, and is the only example of such a planet yet to be discovered -The parent star is only 16% the mass of our Sun -Its low mass may suggest GJ1214b only has a small amount of rock in it On Earth, the scale height is about 6 miles (10 kilometers), while on Gliese 1214 b it is three times deeper, according to Narita. Discovered in 2009 by the MEarth Project, this alien world is about 2.7 times Earth’s diameter and is almost 7 times as massive. Gliese 1214b is about 2.7 times Earth’s diameter and is almost 7 times as massive. [7] Some of the solid-phase water could be in the form of ice VII. They then observed the star more closely and confirmed that it dimmed by roughly 1.5% every 1.58 days. In December 2010, a study was published showing the spectrum to be largely featureless over the wavelength range of 750–1000 nm. Its equilibrium temperature is believed to be in the range of 393–555 K (120–282 °C; 248–539 °F), depending on how much of the star's radiation is reflected into space. An artist’s rendition of Gliese 1214 b traveling in front of its star, shown in blue light (Credit: NAOJ) (via space.com). On February 21, 2012, astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope announced that they had obtained strong supporting evidence that GJ 1214 b mostly likely has a steamy atmosphere of water based on analysis of its colors in infrared light. GJ 1214 b; Exoplanet: List of exoplanets: 300px Size comparison of GJ 1214 b with Earth (left) and Neptune (right). 2. Gliese 1214b, also designated GJ 1214b, has been designated a super-Earth because it is larger than the Earth but smaller a planet like Neptune. Gliese 1214 b is one weird planet. It is thought that GJ 1214b was once entirely covered in a warm ocean of liquid water. [1] Given the planet's mass and radius, its density can be calculated. [12] Further observations are necessary to determine the composition of its atmosphere. Artist’s impression of GJ 1214b in… Because of the estimated old age of the planetary system and the calculated hydrodynamic escape rate of 9×105 kg s−1, scientists conclude that there has been a significant atmospheric loss during the lifetime of the planet and any current atmosphere cannot be primordial. Gliese 1214 b is located 40 light-years from the solar system in the constellation Ophiuchus and orbits its cooler, low-mass M-type star once every 38 hours, 70 times closer than Earth is to the sun. [1] The loss of primordial atmosphere was indirectly confirmed in 2020 as no helium was detected at Gliese 1214 b. It is located 42 light years away in the constellation Ophiuchus. The parent star, Gliese 1214 is a slightly smaller and cooler version of our Sun. GJ 1214b is classified as a water-world, and is the only example of such a planet yet to be discovered. This artist’s impression shows how Gliese 1214b may look as it transits its parent star. Astronomy Science ~ GJ 1214 b is a Super-Earth planet orbiting GJ 1214. The entire Gliese 1214 planetary system is of the closest known systems to our Sun, located only 42 light years away. Topic. In early 2009, the astronomers running the project noticed that the star GJ 1214 appeared to show drops in brightness of that sort. Water-Rich Exo-Planet Found: Gliese 1214b. Through a comparison with theoretical models, the density in turn provides limited but highly useful information ab… Through a comparison with theoretical models, the density in turn provides limited but highly useful information about the composition and structure of the planet.[1]. Using the fraction of Gliese 1214b’s luminosity to the Sun’s luminosity, I calculated these boundaries. An artist's rendition of Gliese 1214 b traveling in front of its star, shown in blue light. The mass of the planet can be inferred from sensitive observations of the parent star's radial velocity, measured through small shifts in stellar spectral lines due to the Doppler effect. Bibliographic information: Norio Narita et al. Astronomers from Japan using NAOJ’s Subaru Telescope have found that the extrasolar planet Gliese 1214b has a water-rich atmosphere. As of 2017, GJ 1214 b is the most likely known candidate for being an ocean planet. Given the planet's mass and radius, its density can be calculated. Super-Earth exoplanet Gliese 1214b passing in front of its faint red parent star. [7] Because of the varying pressure at depth, models of a water world include "steam, liquid, superfluid, high-pressure ices, and plasma phases" of water. And here are some interesting facts about the planet GJ 1214 b 1. GJ 1214b, also known as Gliese 1214b and within 42 light years from Earth and was discovered in November 2009. [6], It is a super-Earth, meaning it is larger than Earth but is significantly smaller (in mass and radius) than the gas giants of the Solar System. This artist’s impression shows how Gliese … In mid-December 2009, a team of Harvard-Smithsonian astronomers announced the discovery of a companion extrasolar planet, Gliese 1214 b, potentially composed largely of water and having the mass and diameter of a super-Earth. It is located 42 light years away in the constellation Ophiuchus. GJ 1214b is a Neptune like super earth that was discovered in December of 2009 through the MEarth Project, which utilized the Transit Method in order to search for dips in the brightness of stars (more on that later). After all, it is known that water is the source of the origin and evolution of living organisms. Parent star; Star: GJ 1214: Constellation: Ophiuchus: Right ascension (α) 17 h 15 m 18.942 s: Declination (δ) +04° 57′ 49.69″ Apparent magnitude (m V) 14.71 ± 0.03: Distance Although no clear signs were observed of water vapor or any other molecule, the authors of the study believe the planet may have an atmosphere composed mainly of water vapor. Gliese 1214 b is an exoplanet that orbits the red dwarf star Gliese 1214. the interior is assumed to be composed primarily of a water core surrounded by more water, proportions of the total mass consistent with the mass and radius are about 25% rock and 75% water, covered by a thick envelope of gases such as hydrogen and helium (c. Astronomers have claimed the existence of a new class of planet: a "water-world" with a thick, steamy atmosphere. [1], In December 2013, NASA reported that clouds may have been detected in the atmosphere of GJ 1214 b. This super-Earth, also known as Gliese 1214b, orbits a red-dwarf star every 38 hours at a distance of 1.3 million miles, giving it an estimated temperature of 450 degrees Fahrenheit. GJ 1214b thus appears to have much more water than Earth does, and much less rock. Gliese 1214 b – Per discussion at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Astronomical objects#Gliese vs. GJ this should be at GJ 1214 b, not Gliese 1214 b. Although they did not completely discount the possibility of a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere, the new results combined with findings from previous research suggest that Gliese 1214b is likely to have a water-rich atmosphere. On the basis of planetary models[15] it has been suggested that GJ 1214 b has a relatively thick gaseous envelope. 7 years ago | 224 views. [7] GJ 1214 b could be a rocky planet with an outgassed hydrogen-rich atmosphere, a mini-Neptune, or an ocean planet. The … The parent star, Gliese 1214 is a slightly smaller and cooler version of our Sun. The entire Gliese 1214 planetary system is of the closest known systems to our Sun, located only 42 light years away. Gliese 1214b (GJ 1214 b) is an exoplanet that orbits the star Gliese 1214 and was discovered in December 2009. The inner boundary of Gliese 1214’s habitable zone is 0.05 Au’s from the star and its outer boundary is 0.08 AU’s from the star. The Japanese researchers used the 8.2 meter Subaru telescope to make the find. Because a thick and cloud-free hydrogen-rich atmosphere would have produced detectable spectral features, such an atmosphere appears to be ruled out. This is the first super-Earth exoplanet to have had its atmosphere analysed. Its parent star is 48 light-years from the Sun, in the constellation Ophiuchus. By comparing the observed spectrum before and during transits, the spectrum of the planetary atmosphere can be inferred. In 2017, GJ 1214 b received the title of presumably known candidate for being an ocean planet. Follow. 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